Numerical Hydrodynamic Models for Steady Flow in Erupting Maar-Type Volcanoes

摘要

Numerical models for the fluid dynamics of the eruption of maar-forming volcanoes are developed and compared to three geological examples. These models are developed by considering the one-dimensional flow of a two-phase mixture of a volatile, water, and a second, condensed phase through a rough pipe. The second phase is assumed to consist of either particulate solids, or a basaltic melt. For the melt, the effect of the solubility of water in basalt is considered. Using these models, the effects of water content, duct inlet width, gravity, reservoir depth, duct shape, and relative roughness of the walls are determined. Models are then constructed for Nanwaks jiak Crater, Alaska; Nilahue Crater, Chile; and Moses Rock Dike, Utah. (Author)