A Theory of Revolutionary Warfare and its Application to the Bolivian Adventure of Che Guevara.

摘要

The examples of insurgency, revolutionary or guerrilla warfare cited in this paper, while possessing unique geographical, sociological, and political characteristics, also contain similarities that facilitate comparison. The common element is that of popular support. Whether it was resistance to a foreign invader, expulsion of a colonial power, or change in political system, none were accomplished without popular support. Insurgents have often been guilty of underestimating the importance of the population, have relied too heavily on purely military solutions, and have suffered setbacks and defeat. Successful movements have been marked by the ability of the leadership element to marshal popular support. By accurately assessing (or by stimulating) popular goals, desires, and expectations, insurgents have been able to channel those desires into action. The specialized insurgent organization in addition to simply voicing popular desires, conducts numerous activities including armed propaganda, terror, sabotage, assassination, and guerrilla warfare. The choice of activity may depend on geographical, sociological, and/or political considerations. In one situation a Grivas might use terror as the only viable option while in another situation a Castro might use several.