Lithium Battery with Inorganic Electrolyte.

摘要

A series of lithium anode electrochemical cells using inorganic oxyhalides as solvents for the electrolytic solutions have been operated at room temperature. Lithium metal can be electrodeposited from these solutions accompanied by the simultaneous electrogeneration of chlorine at the positive electrode. The resulting lithium/chlorine electrochemical cell has an open circuit voltage in excess of 4volts. A group of halogen/platinum,halogen/graphite,nonmetallic and metallic cathode systems are described. The solvents themselves,while stable to lithium metal and strong oxidants such as chlorine,can be electrochemically reduced at various catalytic surfaces (such as carbon) and act as cathode depolarizers. This electrochemical reduction of the solvent results in cells with extremely stable voltages and high-energy densities in excess of 500 Wh/kg.