Development of a Low-Density Ammonium Nitrate/Fuel Oil Explosive and Modeling of Its Detonation Properties.

摘要

A low-density ammonium nitrate/fuel oil (ANFO) explosive was developed by diluting the normal density explosive with low-density polystyrene beads. Stable detonations were achieved in mixtures having densities over the range 0.5to 0.9gm/cc. The detonation velocity was found to decrease approximately linearly with decreasing density. The explosive was found to have a long reaction time and required large charges with propagation distances on the order of 100to 150cm to establish a steady-state detonation. The buildup of the detonation wave to its steady-state velocity was successfully modeled using a grain-burning reaction rate theory with a reaction time constant of 100microsec. A mixture having a density of 0.75gm/cc was selected as the explosive for the MINE THROW II Event and a mathematical model of its detonation properties was developed for use in the charge design calculations. (Author)