Ground-Referenced Visual Orientation in Flight Control Tasks: Judgments of Size and Distance.

摘要

Mounting interest and activity in the application of dynamic computer-generated imagery (CGI) analogous to a real-time contact view from an airplane call for renewed investigation of the essential visual cues for contact flight. CGI systems have application both as contact analog flight displays and as outside visual scenes for flight simulators. In either case, systematic errors in distance judgments are encountered with all optical and electronic imaging systems, thereby requiring compensation by magnifying their images. Results of an experimental investigation of biased distance judgments with a projection periscope account for, but do not explain, a portion of the systematic error. Explanation of the experimental findings requires the formulation and validation of a comprehensive theory of size-distance perception that will account for the host of unexplained experimental facts associated with judgments of the size and distance of objects in the visual field, including various optical illusions and the projection of after images.