Small Scale Tests on Control Methods for some Liquefied Natural Gas Hazards.

摘要

A report of results of small scale (100 square ft) tests of some liquefied natural gas (LNG) hazard control methods and concepts. Tests were run to estimate dry chemical flow rate requirements for the extinguishment of fires from LNG pools with obstructions in the pool area and fires from LNG pools on water in a containment. Objectives were to obtain data for design of large-scale tests. Other small-scale tests examined the feasibility of other concepts for controlling hazards from spills of liquefied natural gas. Agent application rates required for extinguishment of obstructed LNG fires and LNG fires on water are not different from those effective on unobstructed fires on dry surfaces (if the functionality between burning rate and application rate is accounted for). Care must be exercised to assure uniform powder distribution on obstructed fires. Tests of water spray screens to reduce downwind vapor concentrations showed that the concept is practical and effective for small LNG spills, and that the mechanism of reduction is the addition of turbulence in the vapor zone. Tests of water spray screens to reduce radiant heating of exposures demonstrated no practical value for the concept except as an uneconomical alternative where spray directly on the exposure is not possible. (Author)