Three-Layer Circulations in Estuaries and Harbors.

摘要

A theory is developed for the three-layer circulation in an overmixed estuary (finite fresh-water influx) or harbor (zero fresh-water influx) accompanying a two-layer structure in the large body of water outside. A determinate set of algebraic equations is derived for the general case and the form of the equations shows that for zero fresh-water influx the discharge from a harbor is proportional to the square root of the density difference between the two outside fluids. The problem is solved completely when there is a uniform depth of the fluids inside and outside the harbor, when the fresh-water influx is zero and when the two layers of fluid outside the harbor are of equal thicknesses. A laboratory model reproduced the three-layer circulation of the theory.