The Work to Produce Environmental Crazing at Low Temperatures.

摘要

The energy or work to produce fracture in a polymer has two components. First there is the energy to produce the craze which usually preceeds the crack and second there is the energy to fracture the craze. Berry observed that the total fracture energy was very much larger than the value of the surface energy associated with the breaking of covalent bonds, and, therefore, he implied that the excess energy was required for crazing. This situation is analogous to the case of metals where the large difference between the fracture energy and the surface energy is attributed to the plastic deformation that precedes the crack. It is therefore important to know the value of the energy to produce a craze in order to understand the energy to produce a crack.