The Subtlety of White Racism: Differential Susceptibility to Conformity Pressures to Remain Inactive during an Emergency Involving a Black or White Victim.

摘要

Two studies in which an emergency was presented via audio only (Study 1) and audio + video (Study 2) revealed that when white bystanders witnessed an emergency alone, black victims were helped as frequently as white victims. In the face-to-face presence of other passive bystanders, however, white victims were helped more frequently than black victims. Arousal, as measured via telemetered heart-rate indicated that arousal is positively related to speed of helping when no other bystanders were present. The results suggest strongly that people are more susceptible to conformity pressures to remain inactive when an emergency involves a black than a white victim. (Author)