The Colorado Report on the Integration of Approaches to Judgment and Decision Making.

摘要

The present report attempts to take a first step toward the integration of six major approaches to judgment and decision making. These six approaches (and their major spokesmen) can be identified as follows: (a) Decision theory (Ralph Keeney and Howard Raiffa), (b) Behavioral Decision Theory (Ward Edwards), (c) Psychological Decision Theory (Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, Social Judgment Theory (Kenneth Hammond), (e) Information Integration Theory (Norman Anderson), and (f) Attribution Theory (E. E. Jones and Harold Kelley). The report attempts to provide a broad, theoretically neutral, systematic framework intended to permit and encourage the discovery of a 'kinship system' within which the relationship of each approach to every other approach can be determined. The report is divided into three major sections, theory, method, and procedure within which each of the six approaches are examined. The theory section deals with the six approaches in terms of their origins, scope, intended function, principal concepts, loci of concepts, and intended use. The method section examines each approach's basic methodology with respect to idiographic versus nomothetic analysis, sampling domains, object decomposition, judgment decomposition, aids for decision makers, and methodological claims. The procedure section focuses on description and comparison of the operational definition that each approach provides for the important concepts identified in the theory section.