Efficacy of Pro-PAM (N-methyl-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carbaldoxime Hydrochloride) as a Treatment for Organophosphate Poisoning,

摘要

The efficacy of Pro-PAM (N-methyl-1-6-dihydropyridine-2-carbaldoxime hydrochloride) was compared to pyridine-2-aldoxime chloride (PAM) as a treatment for organophosphate poisoning in mice and guinea pigs. Pro-PAM was generally less toxic than PAM in mice and pH of the vehicle did not appear to alter the toxicity of Pro-PAM. Pro-PAM alone and combined with atropine improved the protective ratio (PR) of DFP and sarin in mice, whereas it improved very slightly the PR of soman in guinea pigs. The PR obtained with Pro-PAM combined with carbamate prophylaxis and atropine therapy versus soman poisoning was inferior to that obtained with PAM. In most cases Pro-PAM and atropine prophylaxis produced higher brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels than PAM and atropine, however there was no correlation between brain AChE levels and survival. The significance of this lack of correlation is discussed. Pro-PAM was not a significant improvement over PAM with regards to therapy of organophosphorus poisoning. (Author)