Biological Effects of Short, High-Level Exposure to Gases: Ammonia, Carbon Monoxide, Sulfur Dioxide, and Nitrogen Oxides

摘要

This project addressed the exposure of soldiers to toxic gases for periods of less than one hour and at concentrations above occupational exposure standards, with repetition up to six times per day for 14 days. Sources of the four gases are primarily propellant fumes and engine exhaust. Measurements have shown physiologically significant exposures to carbon monoxide and ammonia. Literature reviews and critical evaluations developed acceptable data bases on the types of biologic effects to be expected and on quantitative relationships between exposure level and intensity of response. These were interpreted in the context of the military exposure scenario and exposure criteria were suggested. Information gaps were identified and suggestions were made for further research. (Author)