High-Voltage Lifetime Function of the PZT Ceramic/Gas Insulator Interface in Underwater Sound Transducers

摘要

The high-voltage endurance function of PZT ceramic in air and some other insulator gases, including sulfur hexafluoride, is described and an empirical equation is presented for computing the lifetime to failure. The effects of water vapor contamination, gas pressure, and ceramic thickness on the endurance function are reported. Details of the mechanism leading to electrical failure are discussed and application of these findings to sonar transducer specifications and reliability evaluation is indicated. (Author)