Evaluation of Insecticides, Repellents, and Other Approaches to the Control of Coastal Stand Flies, Culicoides spp

摘要

Population dynamics and control studies on Culicoides biting midges were conducted at Parris Island, South Carolina, and Yankeetown, Florida, from September 15, 1979, through September 30, 1983. Population dynamics included studies on species composition, seasonal incidence, and relative abundance of adult Culicoides, and spatial and temporal patterns of larval abundance. Three species at each study site were abundant enough to be considered major pests: Culicoides furens, C. hollensis and c. melleus at Parris Island; and C. barbosai, C. furens and C. mississippiensis at Yankeetown. Culicoides furens is the dominant species from late spring through early fall. Culicoides hollensis and C. mississippiensis are predominant in the spring and fall. Plant cover was a good indicator of larval spatial and temporal distribution. Remote sensing techniques were evaluated and found useful for identification of major marsh plant types both qualitatively and quantitatively. In the laboratory, C. mississippiensis was successfully reared at 20 deg C from eggs obtained from wild-caught blood-fed females. Reared females were 100% autogenous. Insecticidal control studies included laboratory evaluations of adulticides and larvicides, residual applications of insecticides on treated screens, and ground and aerial ULV applications. These laboratory evaluations identified several promising aerosol adulticides (e.g., resmethrin, malathion, naled), larvicides (chlorpyrifos, temephos) and window screen treatments (permethrin, NRDC-161, propoxur).