Aviation-Related Cardiorespiratory Effects of Blood Donation in Female Pilots.

摘要

Ten healthy female pilots, 20-49 years old and weighing more than 110 pounds were tested for tolerances to hypoxia orthostatic stress, and physical work at 1 and 3 d after donating about 450 mL of blood on one occasion, and 6 mL (sham control) on a second separate occasion. Testing included consecutive 30-min seated exposures to each of four oxygen-nitrogen mixtures (equal to air breathing at 6,000, 8,000, 10,000 and 12,400 ft of altitude), 5 min of quiet standing, and seated pedal ergometry braded to produce a heart rate of 140 beats per min. The findings of this study indicated that, if the complete absence of adverse symptoms at ground level, a pilot may return to flying between 1 and 3 d after blood donation with the recommended initial precautions that: cabin altitude be limited to < 6,000 during flight; and +Gz stress exceeding the equivalent of short-duration level turns at 30 deg of bank angle be avoided. Until complete restoration of the pilot's in-flight physiological tolerances has occurred, the presence of a copilot and on-board availability of supplemental oxygen are also recommended.