Comparative Dermal Irritation by Tributyltin and Organotin-Containing Antifouling Paints

摘要

Comparative dermal irritation by tri-n-butyltin chloride (TBT) and organotin-containing antifouling paint formulations was determined by an occluded patch test in rabbits and assay of polymorphonuclear leukocyte migration to skin domes in rats. TBT was corrosive in the rabbit skin irritation test and a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml in the skin dome assay yielded 95,000,000 leukocytes/ml. Leukocyte recovery from control skin domes was about two orders of magnitude lower than the maximum observed TBT response. Antifouling paints tested were irritating to both intact and abraded skin. It was not possible to distinguish between paints tested by the occluded patch test but all the paints were less irritating than free TBT. Skin dome assays with paints M52 and M58 resulted in concentration -dependent profiles that resembled results with free TBT and TBT released from these paints may have contributed to results observed. Results from skin dome assays based on tin concentration using ABC 2 and SPC 4 paints did not mimic the profile for free TBT as closely as M52 and M58. Paint components other than organotin probably contributed substantially more to observed irritation and in vivo leukocyte chemotaxis in formulations ABC 2 and SPC 4.