Quantifying Sulfate, Organics, and Lubrication Oil in Particles Emitted from Military Aircraft Engines.

摘要

1.1 Objectives SERDP Project WP1625 was a multi-component effort to understand volatile contributions to particulate matter (PM) emitted from military aircraft engines. Volatile PM formed when condensable gases emitted in the exhaust form new particles or add coatings to emitted soot particles, is getting increasing attention due to potential environmental and health effects, and is coming under increasing regulatory control. Military operations can be constrained if local air quality limits are exceeded. For both these environmental reasons and for the potential impact on aircraft signatures, an improved understanding is sought of volatile PM and the factors that control its formation and evolution. 1.2 Technical Approach WP1625 was structured such that there was an interplay between modeling efforts and several experimental measurement efforts. The project was divided into four components, one focused on modeling and three focused on experimental explorations. Modeling work focused on the development of an advanced particle evolution model considering microphysics involving soot, sulfur, water, and condensable hydrocarbons. Experimental work included a laboratory study on soot interaction with organic species, an oil emissions field study, and a combustor sector rig study of condensation on soot. Experimental and modeling efforts were integrated with experiments providing key parameters needed for model simulations and with model simulations aiding in the interpretation of experimental results. Each of these four components is summarized in further detail below, with a Section of the report dedicated to each. 1.3 Results An existing particle evolution model, which included soot and sulfur/water microphysics has been extended to include hydrocarbon condensable species. This is described in detail in Section 2.