Aspects of High-Resolution Gas Chromatography as Applied to the Analysis of Hydrocarbon Fuels and Other Complex Organic Mixtures. Volume 2. Survey of Sample Insertion Techniques

摘要

Special attention needs to be given to the sample injection process in high-resolution gas chromatography (HRGC). For the analysis of highly complex organic mixtures, such as turbine engine fuels and various hydrocarbon feed stocks, the sample insertion process is especially important. Presently, it is this admitting of sample to an HRGC system which most seriously limits the chromatographic analysis. Many different procedures have been used for injecting samples into an open tubular column gas chromatographic with the use of microliter syringes. These many procedures can be grouped into four classifications known as: the split, the direct, the splitless, and the on-column injection procedure, respectively. These four types of injection procedures have been surveyed and evaluated with respect to idealized injection practice, solute overloading, use of injector inserts and precolumns, fast injection procedures, and various methods for focusing inserted solute zones. In view of the importance of sample insertion in HRGC, improved sample insertion procedures are under development. Also, recommendations are presented for obtaining adequate insertion of highly complex and undiluted hydrocarbon mixtures with HRGC systems.