Compilation of Field Strength Formulas for ELF (Extremely Low Frequency) Radio Wave Propagation in the Earth-Ionosphere Waveguide

摘要

This report presents new formulas for Extremely Low Frequency electric and magnetic dipole propagation in the earth ionosphere waveguide. These new formulas extend the Wait and Galejs results, which are valid for distances greater than approximately three ionospheric reflecting heights, down to the quasi-nearfield range. Simplified versions of these general formulas that are valid for four specific ranges are also presented.