Relaxation Properties of some Segmented Polyurethane-CaCO3 Composites. A Dielectric Study

摘要

Dielectric relaxation in three segmented polyurethane - CaCO3 composites was investigated between -70 C and +150 C in the 300 Hz to 100 kHz frequency range. Two of the polymers contained a polyacetal-polyester soft segment, while the soft component of the third polymer was polypropylene oxide. The hard segments consisted of 4,4' -diphenyl methane diisocyanate in two cases and toluene-2,4-diisocyanate in the third case. In parallel studies two calorimetric relaxations, designated alpha and alpha prime, were observed for each sample and were determined to be glass transitions of the soft and hard segments, respectively. In general, the transitions temperatures decrease with increasing filler content. High frequency, low temperature permittivities increase while low frequency, high temperature AC conductivities generally decrease with increasing filler content. The shift in the transition temperatures can be explained using the adsorption theory of filler-polymer interactions and the densities of the samples. The interfacial polarization mechanism becomes important only above the alpha and alpha prime transition temperature and below 1 kHz.