Hydrotropes as Novel Decontaminants

摘要

Tetrapentyl ammonium bromide (TPAB) was found to accelerate the rates of hydrolyses of diphenyl chlorophosphate and agent GD by two orders of magnitude. The reaction rate for diphenyl chlorophosphate was characterized as follows: (1) it increased as the rate of stirring increased; (2) its activation energy 7.99 kcal/mole (the activation energy in the absence of TPAB = 4.65 kcal/mole), and (3) it did not exhibit a maximum value as a function of the concentration of TPAB, as it typically observed in micellar catalysis. Conductivity measurements indicated that TPAB does not form micelles. Sodium xylene sulfonate (SXS) was found to enhance the rate of hydrolysis of diphenyl chlorophosphate. A synergistic effect was observed for combinations of TPAB and SXS.