Self-Organizing Neural Architectures for Eye Movements, Arm Movements, and Eye-Arm Coordination

摘要

Many important sensory-motor skills arise as a result of a self-organizing process whereby a biological organism actively moves within a fluctuating environment. The present chapter discusses recent results concerning several key steps in this process: The adaptive transformation of a target position light on the retina into a target position computed in head-centered coordinates; the transformation of a target position computed in head-centered coordinates into a target position command to move an arm to the corresponding location in space; and the conversion of the target position command into a synchronous trajectory of the arm's many components that executes this command in real-time. These transformations involve several different brain regions, such as posterior parietal cortex, pre-central motor cortex, and the basal ganglia. Our concern in this chapter will be primarily with the underlying functional and computational issues. Keywords: Learning; Cybernetics; Neural networks. (kt)