Receptor-Carrier Based Models for Antigen-Antibody Interactions.

摘要

A theoretical model was developed for antigen-antibody interaction in a receptor-carrier based system. Many models have been developed, both kinetic and equilibrium, for receptor-to-ligand interaction in the immune response. The immune response is extremely complex, with very large numbers of receptor sites on many distinct cell types in the system. Therefore the system needs to have many restrictions upon it to make it manageable. Most models assume the area for interaction is an infinite sheet (i.e. an endless two dimensional cell membrane). These models are limited to only discussing the average number and types of interactions. This model is receptor-carrier based which counts interaction on a cell/vesicle surface to allow questions about actions and conditions per cell to be addressed. The models which have been addressed are the 'sandwich' model which takes a two-step interaction with a linking ligand and then the antibody, and the agglutination model which addresses the inter-cellular binding between two adjacent cells through a bridging ligand. Results show that the sandwich model and the agglutination model are less sensitive immunoassay techniques than the direct binding assay, although these models are very useful for describing more complex interactions.