Repair, Evaluation, Maintenance, and Rehabilitation Research Program. Stability of Toe Berm Armor Stone and Toe Buttressing Stone on Rubble-Mound Breakwaters and Jetties. Physical Model Investigation.

摘要

A series of two-dimensional (2-D) and three dimensional (3-D) breakwater stability experiments was developed and conducted to address the sizing of toe berm and toe buttressing stone in breaking wave environments. The 2-D tests focused on sizing of toe stone on rubble-mound structure trunks exposed to 90-deg wave attack, i.e. wave orthogonals perpendicular to structure crest. Toe berm armor stone sizing for oblique wave attack on rubble-mound structure heads and trunks was examined in the 3-D model tests. Guidance for sizing toe berm armor stone was developed for a range of wave and still-water level conditions. Guidance for sizing of toe buttressing stone was addressed for a limited set of incident wave conditions on structure trunks. Keywords: Breakwaters; Jetties; Rubble mound; Toe buttressing; Toe stability; Wave stability. (SDW)