Evolution of FM 100-20, Command and Employment of Air Power, (21 July 1943): The Foundation of Modern Airpower Doctrine.

摘要

This study examines the evolution of 'the Army Air Forces' Declaration of Independence.' Released without the concurrence of the Army Ground Forces, FM 100-20 was a distillation of previous doctrine and lessons learned in combat in Northwest Africa during 1942-43. The study demonstrates that all but a few of the essential elements of sound airpower doctrine existed prior to FM 100-20's release. However, certain doctrinal flaws in the earlier manuals coupled with the failure of air and ground commanders to adhere to the most current doctrine available contributed substantially to the initial difficulties experienced in Northwest Africa. Citing contemporary primary source evidence, the study shows that thoughtful combat commanders recognized these failures and moved to correct them prior to the Battle of Kasserine Pass. FM 100-20 was written following the Axis surrender in Northwest Africa and was based on the recommendations of the combat commanders who fought there. The study concludes that it incorporated the valid portions and corrected the flaws of the preceding doctrine and was not merely a subterfuge to further the goal of Air Force 'self-determination...under the guise of lessons learned in battle at Kasserine.'