Microtubules for Nonlinear Optical Limiting.

摘要

The effort in visible laser eye and sensor protection has focussed on several problems, one of which was the threshold for laser eye damage of 1.0-0.1 microjoule (micro J)/cm2 (or 1000-100 W/cm2 for a nanosecond pulse) over a broad wavelength range from 400-700 nm. This value is the so-called 'clamping threshold' which is the maximum intensity permitted to exit the optical device, regardless of the input intensity. The most interest was concentrated in finding a solution for nanosecond threats by a retrofit of existing equipment (binoculars, periscope viewers, etc.,) or by fabrication into a simple set of goggles or a visor. This very low clamping threshold, or course, requires a very highly nonlinear material that is fast and operates over a wide frequency range. The nonlinear materials work can be classified into the following types: (1) Liquid crystals; (2) Organometallics and polymers; (3) Ultrarapid crystallizing alloys and other thermally induced phase changes; and (4) Phase conjugate mirrors.