Deformation Mechanisms in Tungsten Single Crystals in Ballistic Impact Experiments.

摘要

The performance of tungsten single crystals in ballistic impact varies strongly as a function of crystallographic orientation. The deformation structure of recovered single crystal rods fired in ballistic environments has been characterized by optical microscopy, SEM and TEM, and x-ray diffraction. The observed microstructures are varied and provide substantial insights into the factors governing the penetration and flow behavior under ballistic conditions. Crystallographic orientation influences the potential for developing shear which enhances mat flow, and this enhancement ultimately maximizes the energy available for target penetration. Microstructural analysis elucidates the various mechanisms occuring during the flow process for single crystals of high-symmetry orientations, and suggests possible analogies between the penetration behavior of the tungsten single crystals and other materials.... Crystallography, Strain rate, Dislocations, Mass transfer, Shear stresses.