Implications of Subliminal Classical Conditioning for Defeating the Use ofCountermeasures in the Detection of Deception: Subliminal Evaluation

摘要

Traditionally, classical conditioning paradigms have focused on reflexiveresponses to stimuli that are readily identified. In this research, the probability and magnitude of electrodermal responses elicited by stimuli below awareness levels (subliminal) were investigated. Thirty male college students were randomly assigned to either a supraliminal or subliminal treatment group (15 per group). During conditioning employing a partial reinforcement schedule, one of three geometric shapes presented at awareness level (supraliminal) was paired with a 1 to 4 milliampere electrical shock of 250 milliseconds duration. After