Chemical Mechanisms of Toxic Solute Interactions with Soil Constituents

摘要

This report describes fundamental studies on the interaction of several organicsolutes commonly found in fuels and solvents with soil and subsurface components. The principal objective was to determine the chemical mechanisms of interaction of these organic molecules and soil sorbents. Ultraviolet, infrared, gravimetric, and matrix-isolation methods were used to characterize the sorption of water and fuel compounds on a model soil consisting of montmorillonite clay. The results showed that water can compete for surface sites more effectively than the organic sorbents that were studied. Chemisorption reactions of unsaturated fuel compounds can occur on natural clays via transfer of an electron from the fuel molecule to an iron or copper cation on a clay surface, but only under very dry conditions. Montmorillonite clay, Fuels, Infrared spectroscopy, Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Gravimetric analysis, Matrix isolation, Sorption.