Solubilization and Microemulsification of DNAPLs Using Edible Surfactants (Preprint).

摘要

This research demonstrated that solubilization (micellar partitioning) and formation of a middle phase microemulsion with chlorinated organics (PCE, TCE and trans 1,2-DCE) were feasible using edible surfactants (those with FDA direct food additive status). Micellar partitioning coefficients with edible surfactants were observed to be comparable to values previously reported for other surfactants. Obtaining a middle phase microemulsion was observed to be a function of the surfactant structure and was achieved by varying the cosufactant concentration. Solubility enhancement in the middle phase systems (microemulsification) was observed to be at least one order of magnitude more efficient than solubilization in micelles for the same surfactant concentration, but was observed to be much more sensitive to the surfactant system, the specific contaminant, and aquifer conditions. Preliminary results are shown to indicate the impact of temperature and hardness (multivalent ion concentrations) on middle phase systems and to indicate the need to consider these and additional factors for successful design and implementation of surfactant enhanced subsurface remediation.