Volume 1. Performance Phase. Chapter 8. Takeoff Landing Performance

摘要

A very important part of the testing of any aircraft is the takeoff, landing, andoperation near the ground. Takeoffs and landings are greatly dependent upon pilot judgement and technique and, therefore, are subject to considerable variation for any given aircraft and set of conditions. Because of this largely unpredictable variable, the pilot, it is neither possible nor practical to make exact prediction or correction of takeoff and landing performance. It is only possible to estimate the approximate capabilities of an aircraft within broad limits. Consequently, we will consider takeoff and landing performance from a general point of view, considering only the major variables and making some assumptions concerning the lesser variables. The major purpose of these tests are development and/or verification of pilot techniques, forming performance estimates for the flight manual, and verifying compliance, or lack of compliance, with contractual guarantees or military specifications or FAA requirements. Besides normal takeoffs and landings, a complete series of tests will include refused takeoffs (high speed aborts), crosswind operations, wet/icy runway tests, barrier tests, and engine out operations. This chapter will not cover the specifics of such parameters as refusal speeds, minimum control speeds, or critical runway lengths, since these will be covered in detail during the engine out phase of instruction.