Effective Use of Animation in Simulation Model Validation.

摘要

This study examined two animation displays (moving icons, bar graphs) at two presentation speeds to determine how each of these factors affected the animation's ability to communicate violations of model assumptions. Subjects viewed animation displays individually and in combination at each presentation speed. Eight problem scenarios were presented to evaluate each animation's ability to communicate violations of different assumptions. Each animation's communication ability was measured subjectively and objectively. Subjective measures in the form of pairwise comparisons were used to calculate normalized preference ratings for each animation. Objective measures included problem identification accuracy and problem time. Subjective results indicated that moving icons and the slower presentation speed were the preferred factor levels. However, the combined display of bar graphs and moving icons was preferred most at the slower presentation speed. Objective results indicated that moving icons and the slower presentation speed were factor levels which significantly improved identification accuracy and response time for most problem scenarios. Although subjects preferred the combined display, they performed equally well with either of the two moving icon animations. Computerized simulation, Simulation, Operations Research animation, Validation.