Electrodeposition of Conductors and Semiconductors with Controlled Stoichiometries and Morphologies.

摘要

In an attempt to electrodeposit carbon from CCl4 in nonaqueous solvents, we observed growth of several unusual morphologies. Fibers with diameters on the order of 0.1-5 microns were synthesized by cathodic galvanostatic electrodeposition from nonaqueous solvents (CH3CN or CH2Cl2) and an electrolyte containing CCl4 and tetrabutylammonium salts. The fibrous morphology forms without the help of a structural template. Production of fibers can be observed on Ni, Fe, or Cu substrates, with the morphology being very dependent on current density, CCl4 concentration, and electrode surface preparation. The materials apparently consist of carbon or a carbon nitride compound. The aspect ratio of the fibers ranges from about 2:1 to >100:1, depending upon deposition conditions. Growth of the unusual morphology is presumed to be driven by directional covalent bonding in a graphitic material, analogous to buckminsterfullerene-derived nanotubes. Carbonaceous fibers, Electrodeposition, Non-aqueous electrochemistry.