Operation WATCHTOWER: An Analysis in Operational Design.

摘要

This paper analyzes Operation WATCHTOWER through the study of its operational design. Identification of Operation WATCHTOWER's failures and successes emphasize valid lessons which, it learned and applied in future operations, will increase operational efficiency ultimately save lives and resources. The study is focused primarily on analysis of the operational planning and execution phases of Operation WATCHTOWER. Limited analysis of the 'operational leadership' of the numerous operational commanders involved in the planning and execution is made. The principle findings in examining the planning and execution of Operation WATCHTOWER are that commencing offensive operations before sufficient operational reserve forces and assets can be attained, creates an operation dependent on high risk and a small margin of error. Operational plans that adequately plan for the application of available forces and assets yet fail to make provisions for their sustainment and relief, will perilously approach their culmination point or fail during the exchange of unexpected battles and engagements. Unity of command, unity of effort and effective cooperation are essential to the success of any operation exposed to the 'fog of war'. Every operational/tactical commander must fully understand the operational intent of his superior. These lessons serve to validate, reinforce and emphasize the importance of today's operational doctrine and principles of war.