Handbook of Conducting Polymers, Second Edition, Revised and Expanded. M-I Transition in Doped Conducting Polymers.

摘要

The initial impetus for the plethora of work on conduct- ing polymers was generated by the discovery in 1977 1-3 of the increase, by nearly 10 orders of magnitude, in the electrical conductivity (sigma) of polyacetylene when it was doped with iodine or other acceptors. The subsequent demonstration of the important role of nonlinear excitations, solitons, polarons, and bipolarons upon chemical doping or photoexcitation in the semiconducting regime provided a conceptual framework for understanding the electronic structure of these novel polymer semiconductors at low doping levels 4-13. Although there has been impressive progress toward the goal of improving conductivity and achieving truly metallic polymers 14-17, parallel progress toward understanding the transport in the 'metallic' state has been limited by the quality of the disordered polymer materials.