Habenariol, a freshwater feeding deterrent from the aquatic orchid Habenaria repens (Orchidaceae)

摘要

An uncommon ester, bis-p-hydroxybenzyl-2-isobutylmalate, habenariol, has been isolated, by bioassay-guided fractionation, from the organic extract of the freshwater orchid Habenaria repens. The structure of habenariol was determined by the interpretation of spectral data. Feeding bioassays showed that habenariol deters feeding by the common freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Habenariol is related to a bis-ester glycoside isolated from the non-aquatic orchid Galeola faberi.