Stability analysis of the classical ideal gas in nonextensive statistics and the negative specific heat

摘要

We present a stability analysis of the classical ideal gas in a new theory of nonextensive statistics and use this theory to understand the phenomena of negative specific heat in the nonextensive gas. The stability analysis is made on the basis of the second variation of Tsallis entropy. It is shown that the system is thermodynamically unstable if the nonextensive parameter is q > 5/3, which is exactly equivalent to the condition of appearance of the negative specific heat. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.