A perspective on the origin of mass leads to a new paradigm law

摘要

It is shown that if the primal-stuff of matter is describable by a null vector density, then the concept of mass arises simply from the fact that the sum of null vectors is not itself a null vector. Working initially in (1 + 1) dimensions for simplicity, we obtain an exactly solvable, nonlinear, Lorentz covariant equation. This equation displays a quantized particle that remains in place even though every part of the particle moves with the speed of light. Particle formation and electromagnetism are unified. A generally covariant formulation then allows us to unify particle formation, electromagnetism, and gravity. Next, by making the primal-stuff a hypercomplex number (a matrix), we unify the four forces in our toy world of (1+1)-d. The ideas are so simple that a generally covariant extension to our real world of (1+3) dimensions is readily obtained.