Derivation of fundamental particle radii: Electron, proton, and neutron

摘要

Experimental predictions are derived from first principles for the root-mean-square(RMS) charge radii of a free electron, proton, and neutron to high computational precision[0.0118 (fm), 0.8305 ± 0.0001 fm and 0.8269 fm, respectively]. This places the derived value of theproton radius to within 0.38(%) of the average Simon and Hand predictions (0.8335 fm), arguablythe two most precise and widely cited references since the 1960s. Most importantly, the SELEXCollaboration has experimentally verified the proton radius prediction derived herein to extremelyhigh precision as being [[0.69 fm~2]= 0.8307 fm]. The derived value of electron radius comparesfavorably to results obtained in high-energy scattering experiments (0.01 fm) as reported by Milonniet al. It is also illustrated that a change in electron mass of =+0.04(%) accompanies the high-energyscattering measurements. This suggests that the electron radius depends on the manner in which itis measured and the energy absorbed by the electron during the measuring process. The finestructure constant is also derived, to within 0.026 % of its National Institute of Standards andTechnology (NIST) value, utilizing the electron and proton radii construct herein. In addition, it isalso illustrated that the terminating gravitational spectral frequency for each particle, as describedpreviously by Storti et al., may be expressed simply in terms of Compton frequencies.