Physical properties of a bent-core nematic liquid crystal and its mixtures with calamitic molecules

摘要

This article summarizes the results obtained by various experimental methods on the physical properties of a bent-core nematic liquid crystal 4-chloro-1,3-phenylene bis-4-[4-(9-decenyloxy) benzoyloxy] benzoate (ClPbis10BB). The material exhibits unusual properties in all aspects tested. Its bend flexoelectric coefficient is 1000 times larger than in calamitics; it is viscoelastic with a large, shear-rate-dependent viscosity. Its bend and twist elastic constants are abnormally low; thus the nematic phase can be rendered to be a blue fog phase with a small amount of chiral dopant. It shows very high flow birefringence and unusually small leading Landau coefficient. It has two types of isotropic phases; at lower temperature it is probably tetrahedratic that can be transferred into the nematic phase with magnetic field. ClPbis10BB has a frequency-dependent conductivity anisotropy which is characterized by a double sign inversion. It exhibits various electroconvection (EC) patterns which are currently not understood in the frame of the standard theory of EC.