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Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Depression: The Integrated Perspective

机译:刻板印象,偏见和抑郁:综合视角

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Social psychologists fighting prejudice and clinical psychologists fighting depression have long been separated by the social-clinical divide, unaware that they were facing a common enemy. Stereotypes about others leading to prejudice (e.g., Devine, 1989) and schemas about the self leading to depression (e.g., A. T. Beck, 1967) are fundamentally the same type of cognitive structure. According to the integrated perspective on prejudice and depression, negative stereotypes (i.e., schemas) are activated in a Source, who expresses prejudice toward the Target, causing the Target to experience depression. This linking of prejudice and depression (i.e., "comorbid" prejudice and depression) can occur at the societal level (e.g., Nazis' prejudice causing Jews' depression), the interpersonal level (e.g., an abuser's prejudice causing an abusee's depression), and the intrapersonal level (e.g., a person's self-prejudice causing his or her depression). The integrated perspective addresses several longstanding paradoxes, controversies, and questions; generates new areas of inquiry; and spotlights specific methods and findings that have direct cross-disciplinary applications in the battle against prejudice and depression. Ironically, some interventions developed by depression researchers may be especially useful against prejudice, and some interventions developed by prejudice researchers may be especially useful against depression.
机译:长期以来,面对偏见的社会心理学家和面对抑郁症的临床心理学家一直被社会-临床鸿沟隔开,他们并未意识到自己正面临着共同的敌人。关于导致偏见的他人的刻板印象(例如,Devine,1989)和导致抑郁的自我的模式(例如,A。T. Beck,1967)基本上是相同类型的认知结构。根据关于偏见和沮丧的综合观点,在源中激活了负面刻板印象(即图式),该偏见对目标表达了偏见,导致目标经历了沮丧。偏见与沮丧(即“共病”偏见与沮丧)之间的联系可以发生在社会层面(例如,纳粹的偏见导致犹太人的​​沮丧),人际交往(例如,虐待者的偏见导致受虐者的沮丧),以及人际层面(例如,一个人的自我偏见导致他或她的沮丧)。综合观点解决了几个长期存在的悖论,争议和问题;产生新的研究领域;并重点介绍了在偏见和抑郁症斗争中具有直接跨学科应用的特定方法和发现。具有讽刺意味的是,由抑郁研究人员开发的某些干预措施可能对偏见特别有用,而由偏见研究人员开发的某些干预措施可能对抑郁特别有用。

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