首页> 外文期刊>Sustinability: The Journal of Record >A Study of Ecosystem Services Provided by a Storm Water Retrofit System on a Public School Campus in Orange County, North Carolina
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A Study of Ecosystem Services Provided by a Storm Water Retrofit System on a Public School Campus in Orange County, North Carolina

机译:北卡罗来纳州奥兰治县一所公立学校校园中由雨水改造系统提供的生态系统服务研究

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According to the EPA, storm water runoff is the No. 1 source of pollution entering waterways. 1 Impervious surfaces that generate runoff are common features of our built environment, loading waterways and wetlands with nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous, which impair both fresh water and marine environments. This environmental damage represents a negative externality of common construction and building practices. Like most of the constructed environments in the United States, conventional school campuses have impervious surfaces in the form of roofs, sidewalks, and parking lots that create large volumes of storm water runoff during rain events. This was a problem the Town of Hillsborough, North Carolina faced in their jurisdiction.2 The Townof Hillsborough and Orange County needed to reduce storm water runoff pollution from developed areas. When a local middle school was designing an outdoor learning space, Orange County resource specialists, teachers, and school administrators worked through a collaborative process to merge the two ideas and turn a simple outdoor classroom into an eco-classroom where students learn outside and study how the classroom contributed to improving water quality. The town retrofitted the school campus with a storm water runoff collection system that cleansed the water of harmful pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus and then reused the water to irrigate athletic fields.Following the completion of the construction, a team of Duke Environmental Leadership Master of Environmental Management students conducted a case study to examine the economics of the retrofit project and to estimate its value to society. The study includes the results of the retrofit in addressing the pollution problems, including avoided irrigation costs, value of nitrogen and phosphorus mitigation, and the educational value to students having direct access for studying the storm water runoff system.The case study sought to quantify and monetize each of these services and compare them to the cost of the construction of the storm water runoff collection system in order to calculate its net value to society. The analysis indicates that total social value of the services generated by the project exceeded its costs in the first year. The project is an example of public investment that can rapidly produce significant social benefits. Typical school campuses are an attractive target for future investments of this type because of their facilities, operations, and the educational value demonstrated by the project in Orange County. The model is potentially applicable to other schools.
机译:根据EPA,雨水径流是进入水道的第一大污染源。 1不透水的表面会产生径流,这是我们建筑环境的共同特征,使水道和湿地充满了氮和磷等营养物质,这会损害淡水和海洋环境。这种环境破坏代表了常见建筑和建筑实践的负面外部性。与美国大多数人工环境一样,传统的学校校园的屋顶,人行道和停车场等不透水的表面在下雨时会产生大量的雨水径流。这是北卡罗来纳州希尔斯伯勒镇在其管辖范围内所面临的问题。2希尔斯伯勒镇和奥兰治县需要减少发达地区的雨水径流污染。当当地一所中学设计户外学习空间时,奥兰治县的资源专家,教师和学校管理人员通过协作过程将这两个想法融合在一起,并将一个简单的户外教室变成了一个生态教室,学生可以在此学习户外活动并学习如何教室有助于改善水质。该镇通过雨水径流收集系统对学校校园进行了改造,该系统可以清除水中的氮和磷等有害污染物,然后再利用这些水灌溉运动场。环境管理专业的学生进行了案例研究,以检查改造项目的经济性并评估其对社会的价值。该研究包括解决污染问题的改造结果,包括避免的灌溉成本,减少氮和磷的价值以及对直接接触雨水径流系统的学生的教育价值。将每项服务货币化,并将它们与雨水径流收集系统的建设成本进行比较,以计算其对社会的净价值。分析表明,项目产生的服务的总社会价值在第一年就超过了其成本。该项目是可以迅速产生重大社会效益的公共投资的一个例子。典型的学校校园因其设施,运营和该项目在奥兰治县所展示的教育价值而成为此类未来投资的诱人目标。该模型可能适用于其他学校。

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