Analysis of genotype-by-environment interaction for sugarcane based on the AMMI model

摘要

The effect of genotype-by-environment (G x E) interaction is important in sugarcane breeding programs. The Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) statistical model has been proposed to explain genotypes (G), environments (E), andG x E interaction effects. The objectives of this research were to use the AMMI model to identify relatively stable sugarcane-cultivars and those with strong G x E interaction (adapted to specific environ-ments). Yield trials were conducted for the plantcane and first ratoon crop of 16 cultivars at five locations in the sugarcane production zone of Guatemala. Data on three production traits were recorded: tonnes of cane per hectare (TCH), sucrose percent in cane (SUC%), and tonnes of sugar per hectare(TSH). AMMI analysis of variance showed that environments (E), genotypes (G), and GE interactions were highly significant (P<0.01) for the characters TCH, SUC% and TSH. The first two principal components (PCA1 and PCA2) for TSH were highly significant (P<0.01) and explained 73% of the G x E interaction sum of squares. According to the estimates of PCA1 and PCA2 scores and means for each genotype and environment, the cultivars CP72-2086 and CG97-97 showed good and stable TSH, while CG96-21, CG97-77 and CG96-01 showed strong interaction. Therefore, they could be recommended for specific environments. It was possible to identify superior sugarcane cultivars selected with specific or wide adaptation by using the AMMI model.