POTABLE WATER - A SCARCE RESOURCE - CONSIDERATION OF STEPS NECESSARY FOR SUCCESSFUL WATER WELL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

摘要

Human beings can sustain their lives without food for days, but without water only for hours. Due to this very reason, earlier civilizations developed around water sources, namely, rivers. There are two sources of water supply available to humans -surface sources, which include lake, streams and all methods of catching and holding rain water; ground sources, which Include wells, springs and horizontal galleries. Actually surface and ground water sources are not always separate. Surface water at a point of time may become ground water at another point of time and vice versa. Hydraulic interconnection makes this possible. Only 3 percent of fluid fresh water is available at any moment on the earth in streams & lakes and the remaining 97 percent underground. Ground water is renewable source through water cycle.