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Holocene and late pleistocene bat fossils (mammalia: Chiroptera) from Hamilton County, TN, and their ecological implications

机译:田纳西州汉密尔顿县的全新世和晚更新世蝙蝠化石(哺乳动物:Chiroptera)及其生态意义

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Chiropteran mandibles from late Pleistocene/Holocene fossil cave localities in Hamilton County were identified in order to examine changes in bat species diversity and population trends over extended periods of time, providing insight into how bats in Southeast Tennessee have responded to major environmental changes over the past 10,00020,000 years. Generic and species identifications were based on an unpublished key developed by the authors. Measurements of alveolar length (c1m3) and total length measurements from the symphysis to the condyle were taken for all specimens identified as members of the genus Myotis in an attempt to identify species in this genus. The results of this study failed to confirm those of previous univariate morphological studies, suggesting that multivariate morphometric analyses may be needed to establish a means to differentiate among the species in this genus. Diversity data indicated two patterns of species abundance, with Eptesicus fuscus (Big Brown Bat) dominating some sites and Myotis sp. dominating others. The data suggest, but do not conclusively demonstrate, that a temporal replacement of older Eptesicus faunas by younger, Myotis-dominated faunas has occurred, connected with post-Pleistocene global warming. In addition, a correspondence between human disturbance and bat populations levels was observed. It is very likely that human disturbance has caused bat populations to become extinct in the caves under study, reinforcing the claim of previous researchers that bat population decline is a recent phenomenon that is tightly linked to human disturbance.
机译:确定了汉密尔顿县晚更新世/全新世化石洞穴地点的翼手龙下颌,以研究蝙蝠物种多样性和种群趋势在较长时期内的变化,从而洞察田纳西州东南部的蝙蝠过去如何应对重大环境变化10,00020,000年。通用和物种识别基于作者开发的未公开密钥。对所有被鉴定为Myotis属成员的标本进行了牙槽骨长度(c1m3)和从耻骨联合到con突的总长度测量,以试图鉴定该属的物种。这项研究的结果未能证实以前的单变量形态学研究结果,表明可能需要进行多变量形态分析以建立区分该属物种的方法。多样性数据表明,物种丰富度有两种模式,大斑蝠(Eptesicus fuscus)(大棕蝙蝠)占优势,而Myotis sp。则占优势。统治别人。数据表明,但并没有最终证明,与更新世后的全球变暖有关,已经出现了由年轻的,以鼠耳蝠为主导的动物暂时替代旧的Epteticus动物区系。另外,观察到人为干扰与蝙蝠种群水平之间的对应关系。人为干扰很可能导致蝙蝠种群在正在研究的洞穴中灭绝,这进一步强化了先前研究人员的说法,即蝙蝠种群减少是一种与人为干扰紧密相关的近期现象。

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