Trace Determination of Lead in Environmental and Biological Samples by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry on Carbon Paste Electrode

摘要

A simple and sensitive electroanalytical method - a differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry with unmodified carbon paste electrode - was used for trace analysis of lead in environmental and biological samples. Carbon was used as the working electrode material due to its good accessibility, low cost, excellent sensitivity, and environmental non-toxicity. The linear dependence of DPASV signal on Pb(II) concentration in the analyzed solution was observed in the range from 2 x 10~(-8) to 1 x 10~(-7) mol L~(-1) with detection limit of 5 x 10~(-9) mol L~(-1) Pb(II). The method enabled trace determination of lead in tap and environmental waters at the concentration level approved by state regulations, and also in human urine samples at the concentration level comparative to that provided by spectral methods, however at much lower costs.