Diagnosis and Management of Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism in Neonates and Children

摘要

Neonates and children represent a specific population that can suffer from deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). In considering how the diagnosis and management of DVT/PE in neonates and children differs from adults, one has to consider the fundamental differences in the general characteristics of the patient population, the specific differences in the disease entity, the differences in sensitivity or specificity of diagnostic strategies and risk/benefit profile of therapeutic options available, and then finally the practical applications of therapies, using an evidence-based approach. This review will articulate the key differences in the patient population, disease entity, diagnostic strategies, and drug therapies that must be understood to apply a rigorous evidence-based approach to diagnosis and management of DVT and PE in neonates and children. Finally, there will be a brief discussion of the latest American College of Chest Physician guidelines for antithrombotic treatment in neonates and children.