Present, Critique, Reflect, and Refine

摘要

As science educators, we sometimes struggle to create a culture of learning through argumentation in our classrooms. Present, Critique, Reflect, and Refine (PCRR) is a teaching strategy that shows how models can be used to teach argumentation. This strategy is effective for teaching argumentation because "every scientific model is an argument: a case being made in the court of experts" (Gilbert 2011; Figure 2). PCRR also lends itself to the three-dimensional approach to learning highlighted in the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). The PCRR strategy.