As more and more scientific and industrial research and exploration is done in and around the world's oceans, there is an increased need to create long-term monitoring and data collection technology. Data such as temperature, salinity, oxygen concentration and current flow, among others, need to be collected and transmitted to engineers and scientists for analysis and action. For many applications, the data must be of high spatial resolution, necessitating the deployment of many sensors. When real-time collection and analysis are required, the sensors must be connected to form an underwater sensor network.
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