The NATO Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation (CMRE) in Italy, known as NATO Undersea Research Centre (NURC) prior to July 2012, has developed its third-generation, towed echo repeater in accordance with new requirements from the center's anti-submarine warfare (ASW) program. CMRE regularly conducts at-sea experiments for ASW to develop and evaluate new concepts of operation in mo-nostatics and multistatics. A key component of this work has been the echo repeater, which serves as an artificial target that returns a synthetic echo by receiving a signal and retransmitting it. This provides highly calibrated measurements that can be extrapolated to a real ASW scenario and allows for assessment of new operational concepts.
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